Tomato

First crop

July, August

August, September

September, October, November

Chakwal (Pothohar)

First crop

August

September

November, December

Khanpoor Rahim Yar Khan

Second Crop

August, September

September, October

January to March

Kath Sigral (Khushab)

Third Crop

Mid october

End November

آخر اپریل سے شروع فروری

Southern Punjab

Fourth Crop

Mid November

Beginning of February

آخر اپریل سے وسط جون

Central Punjab

Fifth Crop

Mid March

End  December

July -August

Cold mountainous regions

ٹماٹر کا اگیتا جھلساؤ
(Early Blight of Tomato) 

The disease is caused by a fungus (Alternaria solani) and first appears as round or pointed spots on the leaves that are brown in color and range in size from a single point to 0.5 cm. These spots later turn black and later take the form of concentric circles and result in wilting and shriveling of the leaves. In such a case, symptoms also appear on the stem which is in the form of spots and the stem rots from this place. As a result, the entire plant dies. In case of severe attack, symptoms of the disease also appear on the stem of the fruit and its attachment to the fruit. A temperature of 24 to 30 degrees Celsius and a humidity of 60% or more is very suitable for this disease. 

*Destroy the weeds.

* Spray with a fungicide recommended by the department.

ٹماٹر کا پچھیتا جھلساؤ
(Late Blight of Tomato)
 

The cause of the disease is (Phytophthora infestans). Due to this, brown spots are formed on the leaves and later on the branches, which later turn black. In case of severe attack, the stem and fruits are also affected.

Destroy the weeds.

* Spray with a fungicide recommended by the department.

ٹماٹر کا مرجھاؤ
(Tomato Wilt)

This disease is caused by Fusarium oxisporum and is found in all regions of Pakistan. The attack of this disease can occur at any stage during the life of the plant. Plants whose roots are injured during transplanting are prone to this disease. The leaf veins are affected early in the disease. Along with this, yellowing appears on the edges of the leaves and the leaves start falling and later the whole plant wilts. If the roots are cut, the coring will turn brown. Older plants live longer. Yellowing is more prominent on them than wilting.

* Destroy the weeds.

* Spray with a fungicide recommended by the department.

گرے مولڈ
(Grey Mould)

It is an important disease of tomato =which is spread due to (Botrytis) and can attack the crop at any time. In case of severe attack, stems, flowers and fruits are also affected. The disease thrives at temperatures of 17-23 degrees Celsius and 95% humidity.

*Do not allow excessive humidity in the tunnel.

* Do not allow the temperature of the tunnel to exceed the limits.

* Before the onset of the disease, spray at 5 to 7 days interval with the advice of the local extension staff of the Department of Agriculture, the crop is protected to a great extent.

*Spray alternately with fungicide.

ٹماٹرکی نیم مُردگی
(Damping off)
 

The cause of this disease is (Pythium), from which the flower either rots in the ground after germination or the plant dies as soon as it sprouts. If the attack is on the plant, the plant begins to rot near the ground. It has blackish-brown spots, which causes the stems to rot and the plant to fall to the ground and die. The shoot survives in the ground even after harvest, due to which the disease continues to spread year after year. The disease manifests itself in two ways. One seed before germination and another after seed germination. Each time the same vegetable is planted in the field, the disease becomes more severe. Similarly, planting dark seeds also causes its symptoms. Its attack is more on the cultivated crop.

* Do not sow densely.

* Spray with fungicides recommended by the department and destroy diseased parts.

*Dip the seedlings for five minutes in an appropriate fungicide solution before moving it to the field.

* Adopt proper rotation of crops. Do not sow the seed too deep.

* Do not keep the height of tracks high and water should not stand in the ground. Arrange better water drainage in the ground.

* Pierce the male head and don't over water.

سبزیات کے خطئیے 
(Nematods) 

Early symptoms of this disease include stunting and wilting and yellowing of the plant and finally death. The presence of the leaf also contributes to the secondary recurrence of rot caused by bacteria or fungi.

*Destroy infected plants.

*Before planting a new crop, leave the field fallow for some time and plough it in such a way that the subsoil comes up and dries well. This will reduce the number of nematoads greatly.

چور کیڑا 
(Cut Worm) 

The butterfly is brown, with black stripes on the forewings and a black kidney-like mark in their middle. Larvae is black in color and has two long black stripes on the body. A full length larvae is 5 cm long.

The caterpillar of this insect cuts the growing plants near the surface at night and hides in the soil near the plants during the day. Eating less and chewing more.

*Find and destroy beetles in the ground near freshly cut plants and use light traps to kill moths. Destroy the weeds.

*Apply water after kneading.

ٹماٹر کے پھل کا گڑوواں یا امریکن سنڈی
(Tomato Fruit Borer)

The butterfly is yellowish brown while the larvae is greenish and has long side stripes on the body. Apart from tomato, this pest also attacks peas, chillies and many other vegetables. Black dot is visible at the site of larvae  attack.

Larvae enters and eats the fruit, rendering the fruit unusable. An aphid can damage many fruits. In addition, this aphid also eats the leaves and the nipples.

*Destroy butterflies by placing light traps.

*Apply a protective spray with an appropriate poison immediately after flowering.

*Apply the Trico Gramma card.

* Collect the attacked fruits and press them into the ground.

چست تیلہ
(Jassid)

The color of pinkworms is greenish yellow. There are two black spots on the forewings and the dorsal crest. Nymphs or juveniles are wingless but similar in shape to adults but smaller in size.

Adults and children suck the sap from the lower surface of the leaves, which weakens the plants and produces very few fruits. In case of severe attack, the leaves appear scorched and fall off.

*Destroy alternative food plants and herbs.

سست تیلہ 
(Aphid) 

The adult moth is dark green and about the size of a pea. There are two small ducts on the back of the abdomen. Juveniles are similar in shape to adults but are slightly smaller in size.

Both juveniles and adults suck sap from the lower surface of the leaves and secrete a sweet sap, which turns the leaves black due to the growth of black spores and greatly affects the metabolism of the leaves. Attacked plants become weak and produce very little. This insect also spreads viral diseases.

*Destroy alternative food plants and herbs.

*Encourage beneficial insects.

سفید مکھی
(Whitefly) 

The size of the bee is about 1.5 mm, the color is yellow and the crown is white. Young ones are round but flat.

Algae and larvae suck sap from the lower surface of the leaves. In addition, they secrete a sticky substance from their body, which causes the leaves to appear blackened. Plant food production is affected. This insect also spreads many types of viral diseases.

*Destroy alternative food plants and herbs.

*Encourage beneficial insects.

ٹوکا
(Surface Grass Hopper)

This insect attacks growing sorghum and transplanted crops. Its body is fleshy, strong and triangular in shape. It is seen flying and fluttering in the fields.

Adults and juveniles cut and destroy the growing plants. However, its attack occurs elsewhere in the field.

*Destroy the herbs.

* Apply appropriate insecticides or sprays as advised by agricultural extension worker when pests appear.

لیف مائنر
(Leaf Miner)
 

It is a small black worm that is found under the upper layer of the leaf. It feeds on the green material of the leaf and makes fine tunnels.

The process of food formation is affected due to the green matter being eaten. The leaves soon dry up and fall off.

*Destroy the herbs.

* Spray with appropriate poison as advised by agricultural extension worker when pests appear.

بڑی کالی چیونٹی

Adult moths are black in color and live in burrows. Usually the seeds are picked and eaten.

These insects remove the seed from the ground before it begins to germinate.

* To remedy this, immediately after sowing, spray the appropriate poison near the bulls and mix the appropriate poison with water and spray it.

چوھیا

The size of the rat is smaller than the normal mouse.

It eats the sprouting seeds.

* To remedy this, use the appropriate bat and correct the bills.

58

23

32

One sack of TSP + 100 sacks of SOP + one sack of Urea

or

One sack of DAP + half a sack of SOP + half a sack of Urea

or

Two and a half sacks of SSP + one and a half sacks of SOP + one sack of urea

or

Two and a half sacks of nitrophos + one and a half sacks of SOP
 

3/4  sac of urea

3/4  sac of urea

3/4  sac of urea

1 sac of calcium ammonium nitrate

3/4  sac of urea

3/4  sac of urea

3/4  sac of urea

1.25 sac of calcium ammonium nitrate
 

90

46

100

Two bags of DAP + Two bags of SOP + One bag of Urea 10 + Kg of Zinc Sulphate (21%)

or

Two sacks of TSP + two sacks of SOP + two sacks of urea 10 kg + zinc sulphate (21%)

or

Four and a half sacks of nitrophos + two sacks of SOP 10 + kg of zinc sulphate (21%) 

One sack of Urea + one sack of SOP

Two bags of ammonium nitrate + one bag SOP

One and a half sack of Calcium Ammonium Nitrate + one sack of SOP 

One sack of Urea + one sack of SOP

Two sacks of ammonium nitrate + one sack of SOP

One and a half sack of Calcium Ammonium Nitrate + one sack of SOP