Guar Seed
Guar is an important leguminous crop which is extremely drought resistant and can be grown in semi-arid regions. The guar bean has a large endosperm, which contains significant amounts of primary marketable product, guar gum.
About
Guara (Cluster Bean):
Use for animals. Since this fodder does not contain toxic substances, it can be fed to animals at any time.
It is a leguminous fodder. If it is ploughed and buried in the ground when it blooms, so it increases the fertility of the land. It contains a lot of protein (19%) but its taste is not very desirable, due to which it is cultivated in combination with non-legume fodder such as sorghum, millet, etc. to increase their usefulness and nutrition. It is usually cultivated in low rainfall areas, but a good fodder crop can also be obtained in irrigated areas. Its markets are Sargodha, Mianwali, Bhakkar, Layyah and Karachi.
Approved varieties:
BR-90
There are plenty of branches and beans of this type. and the stem is medium thick. Its beans do not fall after ripen and the production of green fodder is 24 tons i.e. 600 maund per acre.
BR -99
It is early and bunched type. Its height is long and grains are thick. It has resistance against insects and diseases. The production of green fodder is up to 28 tons i.e. 700 maund per acre.
BR -2017
This variety is ripen 20 to 25 days earlier than other varieties. Beans on this variety seem to be in the form of bunches and in greater numbers. The size of the grain is medium. The yield of fodder is up to 32 tons i.e. 800 maind per acre.
Climate:
It requires a hot climate for cultivation. This crop tolerates water shortage for a long time.
Seeds
Importance of guar seeds:
Guar is a crop of industrial importance. The pulses and gum made from its seeds are used in many industries. A lot of foreign exchange can be earned from the export of its pulses and gum. Guar beans are also used as a vegetable. Its seed contains 33% protein.
Seed rate:
Keep the seed rate 20 to 25 kg per acre for fodder crop. broadcast 10-12 kg seed per acre for seed crop and 7 kg seed per acre for drill sowing.
Cultivation
Cultivation time:
For fodder, this crop can be cultivated at any time from April to July, however, the suitable cultivation time of seed crop is the month of June. To use it as a green manure, the crop should be cultivated in May.
Preparation of land:
Sandy loam land which has good drainage is suitable for its cultivation. Prepare the land by ploughing twice and planking it once. The soil being well prepared and cleaned of weeds is the basic condition for good yield. The land should be completely levelled because due to standing water in low-lying areas, the plants of the crop die and due to lack of water in high places, it is not germinate properly. In both cases, production will decrease.
Method of cultivation:
For seeds, cultivate in rows at a distance of 1.5 feet, while for fodder, keep the distance of the rows is 1 foot. It can also be sown through broadcast. Sow in the soil at maximum moisture. Soak the seeds in water for an hour before sowing. To prevent blight, apply the recommended fungicide to the seed before sowing.
Diseases
Pests
Control of harmful pests:
The guar crop can be attacked by White flies and Jassid. In such a case, spray the recommended pesticide on the seed crop. Sometimes there is wilt disease occur in the crop, which can be controlled by crop rotation. To prevent blight, apply the recommended fungicide to the seed.
Weed Control
In the guar crop, weeds grow in large numbers. At the time of preparation of the land, the weeds can be eliminated to a great extent by using the Pendimethalin weedicide before the last plough/planker. Post-emergence herbicides can also be sprayed in the seed crop to control weeds of the grass family.
Irrigation
The guar crop usually requires 2 irrigations. Apply the first irrigation 20 to 35 days after sowing and the second irrigation on the crop when flowering.
Fertilizers
Use of fertilizers:
Determine the amount of fertilizer on the basis of laboratory analysis of the land, but follow the following recommendations for the average fertile land.
Nutrients quantity (kg per acre) |
Amount of chemical fertilizers (bags per acre) |
||
NitrogenN |
PhosphorusP |
PotashK |
At the time of sowing |
|
9 |
23 |
0 |
1 bag DAP |
Note: When flowering, add one bag of urea per acre to the seed crop.
Harvesting
Production in Irrigated areas can be taken about twice as rainfed areas i.e. 200 to 250 maund green fodder can be obtained in rainfed areas and 500 to 600 maund in irrigated areas. 10 to 15 maund seed per acre can be obtained from seed crop.